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Vietnam's terrain has about 40% mountains and forests, 40% hills and coverage of about 75% of the country's area. There are mountain ranges and plateaus such as Hoang Lien Son range, Son La plateau in the north, Bach Ma range and plateaus following the Truong Son range in the south. Network of rivers and lakes in the delta or mountainous areas of the North and Central Highlands. The delta accounts for about 1/4 of the area, including deltas such as the Red River Delta, Mekong River Delta and the Central Coastal Plains, which are densely populated areas. Cultivated land accounts for 17% of Vietnam's total land area.
The Vietnam National Gene Bank preserves 12,300 varieties of 115 species. The Vietnamese government spent US$497 million to maintain biodiversity in 2004 and has established 126 protected areas including 28 national parks. Vietnam has 2 world natural heritage sites: Ha Long Bay and Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park and 6 biosphere reserves including Can Gio, Cat Tien, Cat Ba, Kien Giang, and River Delta mangrove forests. Hong and Tay Nghe An.
With a history of fighting against invaders to protect the land, win freedom, independence and build the country dating back thousands of years by the Vietnamese people and the convergence of 54 other ethnic groups. each other has contributed to the diversity, richness and uniqueness of Vietnam's culture.
According to the ups and downs of the nation's history, Vietnamese customs and practices are constantly being innovated according to social trends. One of the oldest and most influential customs in history is the custom of chewing betel. This is a custom that dates back to the Hung King period and originates from the legend of Trau Areca and this custom has become a typical image of the brotherhood and love between husband and wife of Vietnamese people. Not only the custom of chewing betel, Vietnam also has another custom that was born in ancient times, which is the custom of welcoming the new year, also known as Tet - traditional Tet.